{"id":2339,"date":"2026-03-23T16:21:15","date_gmt":"2026-03-23T09:21:15","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/geru.edu.vn\/blog\/?p=2339"},"modified":"2026-03-23T16:21:15","modified_gmt":"2026-03-23T09:21:15","slug":"5-buoc-lam-chu-postman-cho-nguoi-moi-bat-dau","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/geru.edu.vn\/blog\/5-buoc-lam-chu-postman-cho-nguoi-moi-bat-dau\/","title":{"rendered":"5 b\u01b0\u1edbc l\u00e0m ch\u1ee7 Postman cho ng\u01b0\u1eddi m\u1edbi b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u"},"content":{"rendered":"<p data-path-to-node=\"3\"><b data-path-to-node=\"3\" data-index-in-node=\"0\">Postman l\u00e0 g\u00ec?<\/b> Postman l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t n\u1ec1n t\u1ea3ng API (Application Programming Interface) to\u00e0n di\u1ec7n gi\u00fap c\u00e1c l\u1eadp tr\u00ecnh vi\u00ean v\u00e0 tester x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng, ki\u1ec3m th\u1eed v\u00e0 qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd API m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3. C\u00f4ng c\u1ee5 n\u00e0y cho ph\u00e9p b\u1ea1n g\u1eedi c\u00e1c request HTTP, ki\u1ec3m tra ph\u1ea3n h\u1ed3i v\u00e0 t\u1ef1 \u0111\u1ed9ng h\u00f3a quy tr\u00ecnh l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c trong ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n ph\u1ea7n m\u1ec1m.<\/p>\n<h2 data-path-to-node=\"5\">Postman l\u00e0 g\u00ec? &#8220;Ng\u01b0\u1eddi v\u1eadn chuy\u1ec3n&#8221; th\u00f4ng tin trong th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi API<\/h2>\n<figure id=\"attachment_2340\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-2340\" style=\"width: 800px\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\"><img fetchpriority=\"high\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-2340\" src=\"https:\/\/geru.edu.vn\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/03\/1.png\" alt=\"Postman l\u00e0 g\u00ec? &quot;Ng\u01b0\u1eddi v\u1eadn chuy\u1ec3n&quot; th\u00f4ng tin trong th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi API\" width=\"800\" height=\"600\"  title=\"5 b\u01b0\u1edbc l\u00e0m ch\u1ee7 Postman cho ng\u01b0\u1eddi m\u1edbi b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u\" srcset=\"https:\/\/geru.edu.vn\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/03\/1.png 800w, https:\/\/geru.edu.vn\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/03\/1-300x225.png 300w, https:\/\/geru.edu.vn\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/03\/1-768x576.png 768w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\" \/><figcaption id=\"caption-attachment-2340\" class=\"wp-caption-text\">Postman l\u00e0 g\u00ec? &#8220;Ng\u01b0\u1eddi v\u1eadn chuy\u1ec3n&#8221; th\u00f4ng tin trong th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi API<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<p data-path-to-node=\"4\"><b data-path-to-node=\"4\" data-index-in-node=\"0\">Postman<\/b> kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ec9 \u0111\u01a1n thu\u1ea7n l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t c\u00f4ng c\u1ee5 g\u1eedi request. N\u1ebfu v\u00ed API l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng c\u00e1nh c\u1eeda k\u1ebft n\u1ed1i c\u00e1c c\u0103n ph\u00f2ng d\u1eef li\u1ec7u, th\u00ec Postman ch\u00ednh l\u00e0 &#8220;ch\u00f9m ch\u00eca kh\u00f3a v\u1ea1n n\u0103ng&#8221; gi\u00fap b\u1ea1n m\u1edf b\u1ea5t k\u1ef3 c\u00e1nh c\u1eeda n\u00e0o \u0111\u1ec3 ki\u1ec3m tra xem b\u00ean trong c\u00f3 g\u00ec.<\/p>\n<h3 data-path-to-node=\"5\">T\u1ea1i sao Postman l\u1ea1i tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n ng\u00e0nh?<\/h3>\n<ul data-path-to-node=\"6\">\n<li>\n<p data-path-to-node=\"6,0,0\"><b data-path-to-node=\"6,0,0\" data-index-in-node=\"0\">X\u00f3a b\u1ecf r\u00e0o c\u1ea3n k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt:<\/b> Tr\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u00e2y, \u0111\u1ec3 test m\u1ed9t API, b\u1ea1n ph\u1ea3i th\u00e0nh th\u1ea1o c\u00e1c c\u00e2u l\u1ec7nh <code data-path-to-node=\"6,0,0\" data-index-in-node=\"86\">curl<\/code> ph\u1ee9c t\u1ea1p trong Terminal. Postman bi\u1ebfn nh\u1eefng d\u00f2ng l\u1ec7nh \u0111\u00f3 th\u00e0nh giao di\u1ec7n <b data-path-to-node=\"6,0,0\" data-index-in-node=\"164\">Click-and-Run<\/b>.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p data-path-to-node=\"6,1,0\"><b data-path-to-node=\"6,1,0\" data-index-in-node=\"0\">T\u0103ng c\u01b0\u1eddng kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng c\u1ed9ng t\u00e1c:<\/b> T\u00ednh n\u0103ng Workspace cho ph\u00e9p c\u1ea3 m\u1ed9t team (Dev, Tester, QA) c\u00f9ng l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c tr\u00ean m\u1ed9t b\u1ed9 d\u1eef li\u1ec7u API duy nh\u1ea5t, x\u00f3a b\u1ecf t\u00ecnh tr\u1ea1ng &#8220;tr\u00ean m\u00e1y t\u00f4i ch\u1ea1y \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c m\u00e0 tr\u00ean m\u00e1y b\u1ea1n th\u00ec kh\u00f4ng&#8221;.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p data-path-to-node=\"6,2,0\"><b data-path-to-node=\"6,2,0\" data-index-in-node=\"0\">H\u1ec7 sinh th\u00e1i to\u00e0n di\u1ec7n:<\/b> T\u1eeb thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf (Design), gi\u1ea3 l\u1eadp (Mock), ki\u1ec3m th\u1eed (Test) cho \u0111\u1ebfn gi\u00e1m s\u00e1t (Monitor) API, Postman bao th\u1ea7u tr\u1ecdn g\u00f3i v\u00f2ng \u0111\u1eddi ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n API (API Lifecycle).<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h2 data-path-to-node=\"11\">H\u01b0\u1edbng d\u1eabn 5 b\u01b0\u1edbc l\u00e0m ch\u1ee7 Postman chi ti\u1ebft<\/h2>\n<figure id=\"attachment_2341\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-2341\" style=\"width: 800px\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\"><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-2341\" src=\"https:\/\/geru.edu.vn\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/03\/2-1-5.jpg\" alt=\"H\u01b0\u1edbng d\u1eabn 5 b\u01b0\u1edbc l\u00e0m ch\u1ee7 Postman chi ti\u1ebft\" width=\"800\" height=\"600\"  title=\"5 b\u01b0\u1edbc l\u00e0m ch\u1ee7 Postman cho ng\u01b0\u1eddi m\u1edbi b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u\" srcset=\"https:\/\/geru.edu.vn\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/03\/2-1-5.jpg 800w, https:\/\/geru.edu.vn\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/03\/2-1-5-300x225.jpg 300w, https:\/\/geru.edu.vn\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/03\/2-1-5-768x576.jpg 768w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\" \/><figcaption id=\"caption-attachment-2341\" class=\"wp-caption-text\">H\u01b0\u1edbng d\u1eabn 5 b\u01b0\u1edbc l\u00e0m ch\u1ee7 Postman chi ti\u1ebft<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<p data-path-to-node=\"12\">\u0110\u1ec3 b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u h\u00e0nh tr\u00ecnh chinh ph\u1ee5c API, b\u1ea1n ch\u1ec9 c\u1ea7n th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n theo 5 b\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u01a1n gi\u1ea3n sau:<\/p>\n<h3 data-path-to-node=\"9\">B\u01b0\u1edbc 1: C\u00e0i \u0111\u1eb7t v\u00e0 Thi\u1ebft l\u1eadp kh\u00f4ng gian l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c (Workspace)<\/h3>\n<p data-path-to-node=\"10\">\u0110\u1eebng coi th\u01b0\u1eddng b\u01b0\u1edbc n\u00e0y! Vi\u1ec7c t\u1ea1o <b data-path-to-node=\"10\" data-index-in-node=\"35\">Workspace<\/b> gi\u00fap b\u1ea1n ph\u00e2n lo\u1ea1i d\u1ef1 \u00e1n c\u00e1 nh\u00e2n v\u00e0 d\u1ef1 \u00e1n c\u00f4ng ty.<\/p>\n<ul data-path-to-node=\"11\">\n<li>\n<p data-path-to-node=\"11,0,0\"><b data-path-to-node=\"11,0,0\" data-index-in-node=\"0\">Personal Workspace:<\/b> N\u01a1i b\u1ea1n &#8220;v\u1ecdc v\u1ea1ch&#8221; c\u00e1c API c\u00f4ng c\u1ed9ng.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p data-path-to-node=\"11,1,0\"><b data-path-to-node=\"11,1,0\" data-index-in-node=\"0\">Team Workspace:<\/b> N\u01a1i b\u1ea1n chia s\u1ebb Collection v\u1edbi \u0111\u1ed3ng nghi\u1ec7p.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p data-path-to-node=\"11,2,0\"><b data-path-to-node=\"11,2,0\" data-index-in-node=\"0\">L\u01b0u \u00fd:<\/b> Lu\u00f4n b\u1eadt t\u00ednh n\u0103ng <b data-path-to-node=\"11,2,0\" data-index-in-node=\"26\">Sync<\/b> \u0111\u1ec3 Postman l\u01b0u tr\u1eef l\u1ecbch s\u1eed request c\u1ee7a b\u1ea1n l\u00ean Cloud.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h3 data-path-to-node=\"12\">B\u01b0\u1edbc 2: Kh\u1edfi t\u1ea1o Request &#8211; Hi\u1ec3u v\u1ec1 c\u00e1c ph\u01b0\u01a1ng th\u1ee9c HTTP<\/h3>\n<p data-path-to-node=\"13\">Khi nh\u1ea5n d\u1ea5u <b data-path-to-node=\"13\" data-index-in-node=\"13\">&#8220;+&#8221;<\/b>, b\u1ea1n s\u1ebd th\u1ea5y m\u1ed9t danh s\u00e1ch th\u1ea3 xu\u1ed1ng v\u1edbi h\u00e0ng ch\u1ee5c ph\u01b0\u01a1ng th\u1ee9c. B\u1ea1n c\u1ea7n n\u1eafm ch\u1eafc 4 lo\u1ea1i c\u01a1 b\u1ea3n:<\/p>\n<ul data-path-to-node=\"14\">\n<li>\n<p data-path-to-node=\"14,0,0\"><b data-path-to-node=\"14,0,0\" data-index-in-node=\"0\">GET:<\/b> L\u1ea5y d\u1eef li\u1ec7u (nh\u01b0 xem danh s\u00e1ch b\u00e0i vi\u1ebft).<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p data-path-to-node=\"14,1,0\"><b data-path-to-node=\"14,1,0\" data-index-in-node=\"0\">POST:<\/b> T\u1ea1o m\u1edbi d\u1eef li\u1ec7u (nh\u01b0 \u0111\u0103ng m\u1ed9t status m\u1edbi).<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p data-path-to-node=\"14,2,0\"><b data-path-to-node=\"14,2,0\" data-index-in-node=\"0\">PUT\/PATCH:<\/b> C\u1eadp nh\u1eadt d\u1eef li\u1ec7u (nh\u01b0 ch\u1ec9nh s\u1eeda th\u00f4ng tin c\u00e1 nh\u00e2n).<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p data-path-to-node=\"14,3,0\"><b data-path-to-node=\"14,3,0\" data-index-in-node=\"0\">DELETE:<\/b> X\u00f3a d\u1eef li\u1ec7u.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h3 data-path-to-node=\"15\">B\u01b0\u1edbc 3: C\u1ea5u h\u00ecnh Request (Params, Headers, Body) &#8211; &#8220;Tr\u00e1i tim&#8221; c\u1ee7a Postman<\/h3>\n<p data-path-to-node=\"16\">\u0110\u00e2y l\u00e0 b\u01b0\u1edbc ng\u01b0\u1eddi m\u1edbi d\u1ec5 sai nh\u1ea5t:<\/p>\n<ul data-path-to-node=\"17\">\n<li>\n<p data-path-to-node=\"17,0,0\"><b data-path-to-node=\"17,0,0\" data-index-in-node=\"0\">Params:<\/b> D\u00f9ng \u0111\u1ec3 l\u1ecdc d\u1eef li\u1ec7u. V\u00ed d\u1ee5 <code data-path-to-node=\"17,0,0\" data-index-in-node=\"35\">?page=2&amp;limit=10<\/code>.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p data-path-to-node=\"17,1,0\"><b data-path-to-node=\"17,1,0\" data-index-in-node=\"0\">Headers:<\/b> N\u01a1i ch\u1ee9a &#8220;gi\u1ea5y th\u00f4ng h\u00e0nh&#8221;. N\u1ebfu API y\u00eau c\u1ea7u \u0111\u0103ng nh\u1eadp, b\u1ea1n th\u01b0\u1eddng ph\u1ea3i ch\u00e8n <code data-path-to-node=\"17,1,0\" data-index-in-node=\"85\">Authorization: Bearer &lt;token&gt;<\/code> t\u1ea1i \u0111\u00e2y.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p data-path-to-node=\"17,2,0\"><b data-path-to-node=\"17,2,0\" data-index-in-node=\"0\">Body (Raw &#8211; JSON):<\/b> \u0110\u00e2y l\u00e0 n\u01a1i b\u1ea1n g\u1eedi d\u1eef li\u1ec7u \u0111i. H\u00e3y \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o format JSON c\u1ee7a b\u1ea1n \u0111\u00fang c\u00fa ph\u00e1p (ngo\u1eb7c nh\u1ecdn, d\u1ea5u ph\u1ea9y), n\u1ebfu kh\u00f4ng Postman s\u1ebd b\u00e1o l\u1ed7i ngay.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h3 data-path-to-node=\"18\">B\u01b0\u1edbc 4: G\u1eedi v\u00e0 \u0110\u1ecdc Response &#8211; K\u1ef9 n\u0103ng c\u1ee7a m\u1ed9t Pro Tester<\/h3>\n<p data-path-to-node=\"19\">Khi nh\u1ea5n <b data-path-to-node=\"19\" data-index-in-node=\"9\">Send<\/b>, \u0111\u1eebng ch\u1ec9 nh\u00ecn v\u00e0o k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 tr\u1ea3 v\u1ec1. H\u00e3y h\u1ecdc c\u00e1ch \u0111\u1ecdc:<\/p>\n<ul data-path-to-node=\"20\">\n<li>\n<p data-path-to-node=\"20,0,0\"><b data-path-to-node=\"20,0,0\" data-index-in-node=\"0\">Status Code:<\/b> \u0110\u1eebng th\u1ea5y m\u00e0u \u0111\u1ecf (4xx, 5xx) l\u00e0 ho\u1ea3ng. 401 l\u00e0 sai token, 403 l\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 quy\u1ec1n, 404 l\u00e0 sai URL. Bi\u1ebft l\u1ed7i \u1edf \u0111\u00e2u m\u1edbi l\u00e0 chuy\u00ean gia!<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p data-path-to-node=\"20,1,0\"><b data-path-to-node=\"20,1,0\" data-index-in-node=\"0\">Pretty\/Raw\/Preview:<\/b> Ch\u1ebf \u0111\u1ed9 <b data-path-to-node=\"20,1,0\" data-index-in-node=\"27\">Pretty<\/b> gi\u00fap JSON d\u1ec5 \u0111\u1ecdc h\u01a1n v\u1edbi c\u00e1c m\u00e0u s\u1eafc ph\u00e2n bi\u1ec7t.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h3 data-path-to-node=\"21\">B\u01b0\u1edbc 5: T\u1ef1 \u0111\u1ed9ng h\u00f3a v\u1edbi Tests v\u00e0 L\u01b0u tr\u1eef Collection<\/h3>\n<p data-path-to-node=\"22\">Trong tab <b data-path-to-node=\"22\" data-index-in-node=\"10\">Tests<\/b>, b\u1ea1n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng c\u00e1c \u0111o\u1ea1n code snippet c\u00f3 s\u1eb5n b\u00ean ph\u1ea3i m\u00e0n h\u00ecnh.<\/p>\n<ul data-path-to-node=\"23\">\n<li>\n<p data-path-to-node=\"23,0,0\"><i data-path-to-node=\"23,0,0\" data-index-in-node=\"0\">V\u00ed d\u1ee5:<\/i> Ch\u1ec9 c\u1ea7n click v\u00e0o &#8220;Status code: Code is 200&#8221;, Postman t\u1ef1 vi\u1ebft code ki\u1ec3m tra cho b\u1ea1n. L\u1ea7n sau khi nh\u1ea5n Send, n\u1ebfu status tr\u1ea3 v\u1ec1 200, n\u00f3 s\u1ebd hi\u1ec7n ch\u1eef <b data-path-to-node=\"23,0,0\" data-index-in-node=\"153\">PASS<\/b> xanh m\u01b0\u1edbt, c\u1ef1c k\u1ef3 th\u1ecfa m\u00e3n!<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h2 data-path-to-node=\"26\">C\u00e1c l\u1ee3i \u00edch n\u1ed5i b\u1eadt khi\u1ebfn Postman tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh &#8220;v\u1ecb vua&#8221;<\/h2>\n<p data-path-to-node=\"27\">T\u1ea1i sao h\u00e0ng tri\u1ec7u developer l\u1ea1i ch\u1ecdn Postman?<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li data-path-to-node=\"26,0,0\"><b data-path-to-node=\"26,0,0\" data-index-in-node=\"0\">Bi\u1ebfn m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng (Variables):<\/b> Thay v\u00ec nh\u1eadp \u0111i nh\u1eadp l\u1ea1i \u0111\u1ecba ch\u1ec9 <code data-path-to-node=\"26,0,0\" data-index-in-node=\"62\">http:\/\/localhost:3000<\/code>, b\u1ea1n h\u00e3y \u0111\u1eb7t n\u00f3 v\u00e0o bi\u1ebfn <code data-path-to-node=\"26,0,0\" data-index-in-node=\"109\">{{url}}<\/code>. Khi chuy\u1ec3n l\u00ean server th\u1eadt, b\u1ea1n ch\u1ec9 c\u1ea7n \u0111\u1ed5i gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb bi\u1ebfn m\u1ed9t l\u1ea7n duy nh\u1ea5t.<\/li>\n<li data-path-to-node=\"26,1,0\"><b data-path-to-node=\"26,1,0\" data-index-in-node=\"0\">Postman Interceptor:<\/b> M\u1ed9t plugin tr\u00ean tr\u00ecnh duy\u1ec7t gi\u00fap b\u1ea1n &#8220;b\u1eaft&#8221; to\u00e0n b\u1ed9 request t\u1eeb website v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ea9y th\u1eb3ng v\u00e0o Postman \u0111\u1ec3 ph\u00e2n t\u00edch.<\/li>\n<li data-path-to-node=\"26,2,0\"><b data-path-to-node=\"26,2,0\" data-index-in-node=\"0\">Newman:<\/b> C\u00f4ng c\u1ee5 m\u1ea1nh m\u1ebd nh\u1ea5t gi\u00fap b\u1ea1n ch\u1ea1y h\u00e0ng ngh\u00ecn test case API t\u1eeb c\u1eeda s\u1ed5 d\u00f2ng l\u1ec7nh (CLI), t\u00edch h\u1ee3p th\u1eb3ng v\u00e0o Jenkins ho\u1eb7c GitHub Actions.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h2 data-path-to-node=\"28\">Nh\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111i\u1ec3m v\u00e0 nh\u1eefng l\u01b0u \u00fd &#8220;x\u01b0\u01a1ng m\u00e1u&#8221; khi d\u00f9ng Postman<\/h2>\n<figure id=\"attachment_2342\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-2342\" style=\"width: 800px\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\"><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-2342\" src=\"https:\/\/geru.edu.vn\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/03\/3-2-6.jpg\" alt=\"Nh\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111i\u1ec3m v\u00e0 nh\u1eefng l\u01b0u \u00fd &quot;x\u01b0\u01a1ng m\u00e1u&quot; khi d\u00f9ng Postman\" width=\"800\" height=\"600\"  title=\"5 b\u01b0\u1edbc l\u00e0m ch\u1ee7 Postman cho ng\u01b0\u1eddi m\u1edbi b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u\" srcset=\"https:\/\/geru.edu.vn\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/03\/3-2-6.jpg 800w, https:\/\/geru.edu.vn\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/03\/3-2-6-300x225.jpg 300w, https:\/\/geru.edu.vn\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/03\/3-2-6-768x576.jpg 768w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\" \/><figcaption id=\"caption-attachment-2342\" class=\"wp-caption-text\">Nh\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111i\u1ec3m v\u00e0 nh\u1eefng l\u01b0u \u00fd &#8220;x\u01b0\u01a1ng m\u00e1u&#8221; khi d\u00f9ng Postman<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<p data-path-to-node=\"29\">D\u00f9 l\u00e0 &#8220;\u00f4ng vua&#8221;, nh\u01b0ng Postman kh\u00f4ng ho\u00e0n h\u1ea3o. D\u01b0\u1edbi \u0111\u00e2y l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng \u0111i\u1ec3m b\u1ea1n c\u1ea7n l\u01b0u \u00fd \u0111\u1ec3 kh\u00f4ng b\u1ecb &#8220;h\u1ed1&#8221;:<\/p>\n<ol start=\"1\" data-path-to-node=\"30\">\n<li>\n<p data-path-to-node=\"30,0,0\"><b data-path-to-node=\"30,0,0\" data-index-in-node=\"0\">Chi\u1ebfm d\u1ee5ng t\u00e0i nguy\u00ean (RAM):<\/b> * Postman d\u1ef1a tr\u00ean Electron (gi\u1ed1ng Chrome), n\u00ean n\u00f3 c\u1ef1c k\u1ef3 <b data-path-to-node=\"30,0,0\" data-index-in-node=\"87\">ng\u1ed1n RAM<\/b>. N\u1ebfu m\u00e1y b\u1ea1n ch\u1ec9 c\u00f3 4GB &#8211; 8GB RAM v\u00e0 m\u1edf h\u00e0ng ch\u1ee5c tab Postman c\u00f9ng l\u00fac, hi\u1ec7n t\u01b0\u1ee3ng gi\u1eadt lag l\u00e0 kh\u00f3 tr\u00e1nh kh\u1ecfi.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p data-path-to-node=\"30,1,0\"><b data-path-to-node=\"30,1,0\" data-index-in-node=\"0\">Gi\u1edbi h\u1ea1n b\u1ea3n mi\u1ec5n ph\u00ed:<\/b> * Tr\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u00e2y Postman r\u1ea5t h\u00e0o ph\u00f3ng, nh\u01b0ng hi\u1ec7n t\u1ea1i h\u1ecd \u0111\u00e3 gi\u1edbi h\u1ea1n s\u1ed1 l\u01b0\u1ee3ng request ch\u1ea1y trong <b data-path-to-node=\"30,1,0\" data-index-in-node=\"116\">Cloud Agent<\/b> v\u00e0 s\u1ed1 l\u01b0\u1ee3ng th\u00e0nh vi\u00ean trong Team \u1edf b\u1ea3n Free. \u0110i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y khi\u1ebfn c\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed9i ng\u0169 nh\u1ecf \u0111\u00f4i khi ph\u1ea3i c\u00e2n nh\u1eafc chuy\u1ec3n sang c\u00e1c l\u1ef1a ch\u1ecdn m\u00e3 ngu\u1ed3n m\u1edf.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p data-path-to-node=\"30,2,0\"><b data-path-to-node=\"30,2,0\" data-index-in-node=\"0\">V\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 b\u1ea3o m\u1eadt d\u1eef li\u1ec7u nh\u1ea1y c\u1ea3m:<\/b> * Khi b\u1ea1n b\u1eadt t\u00ednh n\u0103ng Sync Cloud, c\u00e1c th\u00f4ng tin nh\u1ea1y c\u1ea3m nh\u01b0 <b data-path-to-node=\"30,2,0\" data-index-in-node=\"96\">API Key, Password, Token<\/b> c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u01b0u tr\u00ean server c\u1ee7a Postman. N\u1ebfu b\u1ea1n l\u00e0m d\u1ef1 \u00e1n ng\u00e2n h\u00e0ng ho\u1eb7c d\u1eef li\u1ec7u m\u1eadt, h\u00e3y c\u1ef1c k\u1ef3 c\u1ea9n th\u1eadn v\u1edbi vi\u1ec7c d\u00f9ng bi\u1ebfn m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng Global. <b data-path-to-node=\"30,2,0\" data-index-in-node=\"266\">L\u1eddi khuy\u00ean:<\/b> S\u1eed d\u1ee5ng &#8220;Secret&#8221; variables ho\u1eb7c c\u1ea5u h\u00ecnh m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng Local-only.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p data-path-to-node=\"30,3,0\"><b data-path-to-node=\"30,3,0\" data-index-in-node=\"0\">\u0110\u1ed9 ph\u1ee9c t\u1ea1p t\u0103ng d\u1ea7n:<\/b> * V\u1edbi ng\u01b0\u1eddi ch\u1ec9 c\u1ea7n test API \u0111\u01a1n gi\u1ea3n, giao di\u1ec7n Postman hi\u1ec7n nay c\u00f3 v\u1ebb h\u01a1i &#8220;\u0111\u1ed3 s\u1ed9&#8221; v\u00e0 nhi\u1ec1u n\u00fat b\u1ea5m g\u00e2y r\u1ed1i m\u1eaft. \u0110\u00f4i khi b\u1ea1n s\u1ebd th\u1ea5y m\u00ecnh m\u1ea5t 15 ph\u00fat ch\u1ec9 \u0111\u1ec3 t\u00ecm xem c\u00e1i n\u00fat c\u1ea5u h\u00ecnh Mock Server n\u00f3 n\u1eb1m \u1edf \u0111\u00e2u.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<h2 data-path-to-node=\"30\">So s\u00e1nh Postman v\u1edbi c\u00e1c c\u00f4ng c\u1ee5 kh\u00e1c<\/h2>\n<p data-path-to-node=\"31\">\u0110\u1ec3 b\u1ea1n c\u00f3 c\u00e1i nh\u00ecn kh\u00e1ch quan, h\u00e3y xem b\u1ea3ng so s\u00e1nh d\u01b0\u1edbi \u0111\u00e2y gi\u1eefa Postman v\u00e0 c\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed1i th\u1ee7 &#8220;n\u1eb7ng k\u00fd&#8221;:<\/p>\n<table data-path-to-node=\"32\">\n<thead>\n<tr>\n<td><strong>\u0110\u1eb7c \u0111i\u1ec3m<\/strong><\/td>\n<td><strong>Postman<\/strong><\/td>\n<td><strong>Insomnia<\/strong><\/td>\n<td><strong>Hoppscotch (Web-based)<\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td><span data-path-to-node=\"32,1,0,0\"><b data-path-to-node=\"32,1,0,0\" data-index-in-node=\"0\">Giao di\u1ec7n<\/b><\/span><\/td>\n<td><span data-path-to-node=\"32,1,1,0\">\u0110\u1ea7y \u0111\u1ee7, nhi\u1ec1u t\u00ednh n\u0103ng<\/span><\/td>\n<td><span data-path-to-node=\"32,1,2,0\">T\u1ed1i gi\u1ea3n, m\u01b0\u1ee3t m\u00e0<\/span><\/td>\n<td><span data-path-to-node=\"32,1,3,0\">Nh\u1eb9 nh\u00e0ng, ch\u1ea1y tr\u00ean tr\u00ecnh duy\u1ec7t<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><span data-path-to-node=\"32,2,0,0\"><b data-path-to-node=\"32,2,0,0\" data-index-in-node=\"0\">Automation Test<\/b><\/span><\/td>\n<td><span data-path-to-node=\"32,2,1,0\">R\u1ea5t m\u1ea1nh (Newman)<\/span><\/td>\n<td><span data-path-to-node=\"32,2,2,0\">C\u01a1 b\u1ea3n<\/span><\/td>\n<td><span data-path-to-node=\"32,2,3,0\">Trung b\u00ecnh<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><span data-path-to-node=\"32,3,0,0\"><b data-path-to-node=\"32,3,0,0\" data-index-in-node=\"0\">\u0110\u1ed9 ph\u1ee9c t\u1ea1p<\/b><\/span><\/td>\n<td><span data-path-to-node=\"32,3,1,0\">H\u01a1i n\u1eb7ng cho m\u00e1y y\u1ebfu<\/span><\/td>\n<td><span data-path-to-node=\"32,3,2,0\">D\u1ec5 ti\u1ebfp c\u1eadn<\/span><\/td>\n<td><span data-path-to-node=\"32,3,3,0\">C\u1ef1c k\u1ef3 nhanh<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><span data-path-to-node=\"32,4,0,0\"><b data-path-to-node=\"32,4,0,0\" data-index-in-node=\"0\">Gi\u00e1 th\u00e0nh<\/b><\/span><\/td>\n<td><span data-path-to-node=\"32,4,1,0\">Mi\u1ec5n ph\u00ed\/Tr\u1ea3 ph\u00ed (Team)<\/span><\/td>\n<td><span data-path-to-node=\"32,4,2,0\">Mi\u1ec5n ph\u00ed\/Tr\u1ea3 ph\u00ed<\/span><\/td>\n<td><span data-path-to-node=\"32,4,3,0\">M\u00e3 ngu\u1ed3n m\u1edf (Free)<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<h2 data-path-to-node=\"34\">&#8220;H\u1ed3i \u0111\u00f3 tui c\u0169ng ng\u00e1o ng\u01a1 l\u1eafm!&#8221;<\/h2>\n<p data-path-to-node=\"35\">N\u00f3i thi\u1ec7t v\u1edbi m\u1ea5y b\u1ea1n, h\u1ed3i m\u1edbi t\u1eadp t\u00e0nh l\u00e0m API, tui to\u00e0n ch\u01a1i ki\u1ec3u &#8220;hardcore&#8221; d\u00f9ng curl tr\u00ean terminal. T\u1edbi ch\u1eebng \u0111\u1ee5ng d\u1ef1 \u00e1n b\u1ef1, API c\u1ea3 tr\u0103m c\u00e1i l\u00e0 tui &#8220;x\u1ec9u up x\u1ec9u down&#8221; lu\u00f4n.<\/p>\n<p data-path-to-node=\"36\">Sau khi \u0111\u1ed5i qua x\u00e0i Postman, tui th\u1ea5y \u0111\u1eddi m\u00ecnh nh\u01b0 b\u01b0\u1edbc sang trang m\u1edbi v\u1eady \u0111\u00f3. C\u00e1i tui kho\u00e1i nh\u1ee9t l\u00e0 t\u00ednh n\u0103ng <b data-path-to-node=\"36\" data-index-in-node=\"111\">Environment Variables<\/b>. M\u1ea5y \u00f4ng t\u01b0\u1edfng t\u01b0\u1ee3ng \u0111i, \u0111ang test d\u01b0\u1edbi m\u00e1y m\u00ecnh (localhost) m\u00e0 mu\u1ed1n \u0111\u1ea9y l\u00ean server test c\u00e1i v\u00e8o, ch\u1ec9 c\u1ea7n \u0111\u1ed5i c\u00e1i &#8220;c\u1ea1ch&#8221; \u1edf g\u00f3c ph\u1ea3i m\u00e0n h\u00ecnh l\u00e0 xong, h\u1ed5ng c\u1ea7n s\u1eeda tay t\u1eebng c\u00e1i URL. Tin tui \u0111i, x\u00e0i th\u1eed l\u00e0 ghi\u1ec1n, n\u00f3 c\u1ee9u v\u1edbt m\u1ea5y \u00f4ng kh\u1ecfi m\u1ea5y m\u1edb b\u00f2ng bong API nhi\u1ec1u l\u1eafm!<\/p>\n<h2 data-path-to-node=\"38\">C\u00e1c c\u00e2u h\u1ecfi th\u01b0\u1eddng g\u1eb7p (FAQ)<\/h2>\n<figure id=\"attachment_2343\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-2343\" style=\"width: 800px\" class=\"wp-caption alignnone\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-2343\" src=\"https:\/\/geru.edu.vn\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/03\/4-12.jpg\" alt=\"C\u00e1c c\u00e2u h\u1ecfi th\u01b0\u1eddng g\u1eb7p (FAQ)\" width=\"800\" height=\"600\"  title=\"5 b\u01b0\u1edbc l\u00e0m ch\u1ee7 Postman cho ng\u01b0\u1eddi m\u1edbi b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u\" srcset=\"https:\/\/geru.edu.vn\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/03\/4-12.jpg 800w, https:\/\/geru.edu.vn\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/03\/4-12-300x225.jpg 300w, https:\/\/geru.edu.vn\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/03\/4-12-768x576.jpg 768w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\" \/><figcaption id=\"caption-attachment-2343\" class=\"wp-caption-text\">C\u00e1c c\u00e2u h\u1ecfi th\u01b0\u1eddng g\u1eb7p (FAQ)<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<p data-path-to-node=\"39\"><b data-path-to-node=\"39\" data-index-in-node=\"0\">C\u00e2u h\u1ecfi 1: D\u00f9ng Postman c\u00f3 an to\u00e0n cho d\u1eef li\u1ec7u nh\u1ea1y c\u1ea3m kh\u00f4ng?<\/b><\/p>\n<ul data-path-to-node=\"40\">\n<li>\n<p data-path-to-node=\"40,0,0\"><b data-path-to-node=\"40,0,0\" data-index-in-node=\"0\">Tr\u1ea3 l\u1eddi:<\/b> R\u1ea5t an to\u00e0n. Ph\u1ea7n m\u1ec1m cung c\u1ea5p c\u00e1c t\u00ednh n\u0103ng b\u1ea3o m\u1eadt, m\u00e3 h\u00f3a d\u1eef li\u1ec7u \u0111\u1ed3ng b\u1ed9. N\u1ebfu b\u1ea1n l\u00e0m d\u1ef1 \u00e1n b\u1ea3o m\u1eadt cao, c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 ch\u1ecdn kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ed3ng b\u1ed9 h\u00f3a ho\u1eb7c d\u00f9ng bi\u1ebfn m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng (Environment Variables) \u0111\u1ec3 \u1ea9n c\u00e1c API Key\/Token.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p data-path-to-node=\"41\"><b data-path-to-node=\"41\" data-index-in-node=\"0\">C\u00e2u h\u1ecfi 2: Postman c\u00f3 t\u1ed1n ph\u00ed kh\u00f4ng?<\/b><\/p>\n<ul data-path-to-node=\"42\">\n<li>\n<p data-path-to-node=\"42,0,0\"><b data-path-to-node=\"42,0,0\" data-index-in-node=\"0\">Tr\u1ea3 l\u1eddi:<\/b> Ho\u00e0n to\u00e0n mi\u1ec5n ph\u00ed cho c\u00e1 nh\u00e2n v\u00e0 c\u00e1c t\u00ednh n\u0103ng c\u1ed1t l\u00f5i. B\u1ea1n ch\u1ec9 tr\u1ea3 ph\u00ed khi mu\u1ed1n l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c nh\u00f3m (Team) v\u1edbi quy m\u00f4 l\u1edbn ho\u1eb7c d\u00f9ng c\u00e1c t\u00ednh n\u0103ng qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd n\u00e2ng cao.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p data-path-to-node=\"43\"><b data-path-to-node=\"43\" data-index-in-node=\"0\">C\u00e2u h\u1ecfi 3: T\u00f4i c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 ch\u1ea1y test t\u1ef1 \u0111\u1ed9ng tr\u00ean Postman kh\u00f4ng?<\/b><\/p>\n<ul data-path-to-node=\"44\">\n<li>\n<p data-path-to-node=\"44,0,0\"><b data-path-to-node=\"44,0,0\" data-index-in-node=\"0\">Tr\u1ea3 l\u1eddi:<\/b> C\u00f3, b\u1ea1n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 d\u00f9ng c\u00f4ng c\u1ee5 <b data-path-to-node=\"44,0,0\" data-index-in-node=\"37\">Newman<\/b> (m\u1ed9t d\u00f2ng l\u1ec7nh c\u1ee7a Postman) \u0111\u1ec3 t\u00edch h\u1ee3p v\u00e0o quy tr\u00ecnh CI\/CD, gi\u00fap t\u1ef1 \u0111\u1ed9ng ki\u1ec3m tra API m\u1ed7i khi deploy code m\u1edbi.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h2 data-path-to-node=\"46\">K\u1ebft lu\u1eadn<\/h2>\n<p data-path-to-node=\"47\">\u0110\u00e2y kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ec9 \u0111\u01a1n thu\u1ea7n l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t c\u00f4ng c\u1ee5 test API, m\u00e0 l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t &#8220;tr\u1ee3 l\u00fd \u0111\u1eafc l\u1ef1c&#8221; gi\u00fap n\u00e2ng cao hi\u1ec7u su\u1ea5t l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c cho c\u1ea3 Team. V\u1edbi <b data-path-to-node=\"47\" data-index-in-node=\"130\">5 b\u01b0\u1edbc l\u00e0m ch\u1ee7 Postman<\/b> ph\u00eda tr\u00ean, hy v\u1ecdng b\u1ea1n s\u1ebd s\u1edbm l\u00e0m ch\u1ee7 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u00f4ng c\u1ee5 n\u00e0y.<\/p>\n<p data-path-to-node=\"48\"><b data-path-to-node=\"48\" data-index-in-node=\"0\">B\u1ea1n \u0111\u00e3 s\u1eb5n s\u00e0ng n\u00e2ng c\u1ea5p quy tr\u00ecnh l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh ch\u01b0a?<\/b> H\u00e3y t\u1ea3i ngay Postman v\u00e0 b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u t\u1ea1o Collection \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean c\u1ee7a b\u1ea1n h\u00f4m nay!<\/p>\n<p><b>\u0110\u1eebng d\u1eebng l\u1ea1i \u1edf \u0111\u00e2y! H\u00e3y truy c\u1eadp ngay kho t\u00e0i li\u1ec7u t\u1ea1i GERU \u0111\u1ec3 kh\u00e1m ph\u00e1 th\u00eam c\u00e1c b\u00e0i vi\u1ebft chuy\u00ean s\u00e2u v\u1ec1 c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 qu\u1ea3n tr\u1ecb, c\u0169ng nh\u01b0 \u0111\u00e1nh gi\u00e1 chi ti\u1ebft v\u1ec1 c\u00e1c ph\u1ea7n m\u1ec1m h\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3 doanh nghi\u1ec7p h\u00e0ng \u0111\u1ea7u hi\u1ec7n nay.<\/b><\/p>\n<p data-path-to-node=\"48\"><a href=\"https:\/\/geru.edu.vn\/blog\/\"><b>https:\/\/geru.edu.vn\/blog\/<\/b><\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Postman l\u00e0 g\u00ec? Postman l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t n\u1ec1n t\u1ea3ng API (Application Programming Interface) to\u00e0n di\u1ec7n gi\u00fap c\u00e1c l\u1eadp tr\u00ecnh vi\u00ean v\u00e0 tester x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng, ki\u1ec3m th\u1eed v\u00e0 qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd API m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3. C\u00f4ng c\u1ee5 n\u00e0y cho ph\u00e9p b\u1ea1n g\u1eedi c\u00e1c request HTTP, ki\u1ec3m tra ph\u1ea3n h\u1ed3i v\u00e0 t\u1ef1 \u0111\u1ed9ng h\u00f3a quy tr\u00ecnh l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":2341,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"site-sidebar-layout":"default","site-content-layout":"","ast-site-content-layout":"default","site-content-style":"default","site-sidebar-style":"default","ast-global-header-display":"","ast-banner-title-visibility":"","ast-main-header-display":"","ast-hfb-above-header-display":"","ast-hfb-below-header-display":"","ast-hfb-mobile-header-display":"","site-post-title":"","ast-breadcrumbs-content":"","ast-featured-img":"","footer-sml-layout":"","theme-transparent-header-meta":"default","adv-header-id-meta":"","stick-header-meta":"","header-above-stick-meta":"","header-main-stick-meta":"","header-below-stick-meta":"","astra-migrate-meta-layouts":"set","ast-page-background-enabled":"default","ast-page-background-meta":{"desktop":{"background-color":"","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center 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